'Online Social Network\r'

'Online Social vane: Advantages & Disadvantages Social communicate is a place for throng to interact with apiece other(a) from nigh the world, it’s to a fault gave benefits for us to make a new friend. It’s as well as gave us bad incumbrance. From this assignment we notify created a few objective. The objective is •We can make a difference mingled with good and bad effect of genial earnings. •We can gain more fellowship virtually favorable network. •Improve dialogue and productiveness by disseminating data among different flock. •Gain high GPA, intelligence and general kip downledge. IntroductionSince their introduction, loving network positions (SNSs) such(prenominal) as MySpace, Facebook, Cyworld, and Bebo take describeed millions of users, many of whom have combine these sites into their daily practices. As of this writing, there be hundreds of SNSs, with several(a) technological affordances, meeting a wide depart of interests and practices. While their key technological mark articles atomic number 18 sensibly consistent, the cultures that emerge around SNSs argon varied. Most sites support the maintenance of pre-existing well-disposed networks, bargonly others athletic supporter strangers connect based on shargond interests, g overnmental cycloramas, or activities. whatever sites cater to diverse audiences, while others pull back commonwealth based on common vocabulary or sh atomic number 18d racial, sexual, religious, or nationality-based identities. Sites overly transfer in the extent to which they incorporate new information and communication tools, such as mobile connectivity, blogging, and photo/video-sharing. Scholars from disparate fields have examined SNSs in graze to understand the practices, implications, culture, and meaning of the sites, as well as users engagement with them.This special theme particle of the ledger of Computer-Mediated Communication brings to upriseher a unique hookup of articles that analyze a wide spectrum of brotherly network sites utilize various methodological techniques, theoretical traditions, and uninflected approaches. By imbibeing these articles in this issue, our goal is to caseful al nearly of the interdisciplinary scholarship around these sites. The project of this introduction is to abide a conceptual, historical, and scholarly scene or the articles in this collection. We begin by formation what constitutes a loving network site and then present one perspective on the historical development of SNSs, drawing from individualised inter observes and public accounts of sites and their changes over time. Following this, we re fit recent scholarship on SNSs and attempt to contextualize and highlight key works. We conclude with a description of the articles allowd in this special section and suggestions for future research. Social Network Sites: A DefinitionWe coiffe social network sites as sack up-based services that supply individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public visualness inside a bounded system, (2) joint a list of other users with whom they sh be a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. The nature and nomenclature of these connections may spay from site to site. While we use the condition â€Å"social network site” to describe this phenomenon, the term â€Å"social networking sites” carewise appears in public discourse, and the two terms are often utilize interchangeably.We chose non to employ the term â€Å"networking” for two reasons: emphasis and scope. â€Å"Networking” emphasizes relationship initiation, often between strangers. While networking is possible on these sites, it is non the base practice on many of them, nor is it what differentiates them from other forms of computer-mediated communication (CMC). What makes social networ k sites unique is not that they forgo individuals to meet strangers, but rather that they enable users to articulate and make conspicuous their social networks.This can issuing in connections between individuals that would not otherwise be made, but that is often not the goal, and these meetings are oft between â€Å"latent ties” (Haythornthwaite, 2005) who share some offline connection. On many of the large SNSs, participants are not ineluctably â€Å"networking” or looking to meet new raft; instead, they are primarily communicating with people who are already a part of their extended social network. To emphasize this articulated social network as a critical organizing feature of these sites, we chase later on them â€Å"social network sites. While SNSs have implemented a wide variety of technical features, their backbone consists of visible profiles that display an articulated list of Friends1 who are besides users of the system. Profiles are unique pages w here one can â€Å" pillow slip oneself into being” (Sunden, 2003, p. 3). After link an SNS, an individual is asked to modify out forms containing a series of questions. The profile is generated employ the answers to these questions, which typically include descriptors such as age, location, interests, and an â€Å"about me” section. Most sites also encourage users to upload a profile photo.Some sites allow users to enhance their profiles by adding multimedia content or modifying their profiles look and feel. Others, such as Facebook, allow users to add modules (â€Å"Applications”) that enhance their profile. The visibility of a profile varies by site and according to user discretion. By default, profiles on Friendster and Tribe. net are crawled by search engines, making them visible to anyone, regardless of whether or not the viewer has an account. Alternatively, LinkedIn controls what a viewer may see based on whether she or he has a paid account.Sites lik e MySpace allow users to admit whether they want their profile to be public or â€Å"Friends only. ” Facebook takes a different approachâ€by default, users who are part of the same â€Å"network” can view distributively others profiles, unless a profile owner has unflinching to deny permission to those in their network. Structural variations around visibility and access are one of the primary(a) ways that SNSs differentiate themselves from each other. After joining a social network site, users are prompted to let out others in the system with whom they have a relationship.The label for these relationships differs depending on the siteâ€popular terms include â€Å"Friends,” â€Å"Contacts,” and â€Å"Fans. ” Most SNSs require bi-directional confirmation for Friendship, but some do not. These one-directional ties are sometimes labeled as â€Å"Fans” or â€Å"Followers,” but many sites call these Friends as well. The term â₠¬Å"Friends” can be misleading, because the connection does not necessarily mean friendship in the day-by-day vernacular sense, and the reasons people connect are varied (boyd, 2006a). The public display of connections is a crucial piece of SNSs.The Friends list contains links to each Friends profile, enabling viewers to traverse the network graph by clicking done the Friends lists. On most sites, the list of Friends is visible to anyone who is permitted to view the profile, although there are exceptions. For instance, some MySpace users have hacked their profiles to cut through the Friends display, and LinkedIn allows users to opt out of displaying their network. Most SNSs also provide a mechanism for users to leave messages on their Friends profiles. This feature typically involves leaving â€Å"comments,” although sites employ various labels for this feature.In addition, SNSs often have a private communicate feature similar to webmail. While both private messages and comments are popular on most of the study SNSs, they are not universally available. Not all social network sites began as such. QQ started as a Chinese instant messaging service, LunarStorm as a residential area site, Cyworld as a Korean hold forthion forum tool, and Skyrock (formerly Skyblog) was a French blogging service before adding SNS features. Classmates. com, a directory of school affiliates launched in 1995, began supporting articulated lists of Friends after SNSs became popular.AsianAvenue, MiGente, and BlackPlanet were early popular ethnic residential district sites with particular(a) Friends functionality before re-launching in 2005-2006 with SNS features and structure. Beyond profiles, Friends, comments, and private messaging, SNSs vary greatly in their features and user base. Some have photo-sharing or video-sharing capabilities; others have built-in blogging and instant messaging technology. There are mobile-specific SNSs (e. g. , Dodgeball), but some web-b ased SNSs also support limited mobile interactions (e. g. , Facebook, MySpace, and Cyworld).Many SNSs target people from specific geographical regions or linguistic groups, although this does not always determine the sites constituency. Orkut, for example, was launched in the United States with an English-only interface, but Portuguese-speaking Brazilians quickly became the dominant user group (Kopytoff, 2004). Some sites are intentional with specific ethnic, religious, sexual orientation, political, or other identity-driven categories in mind. There are plane SNSs for dogs (Dogster) and cats (Catster), although their owners must coiffure their profiles.While SNSs are often designed to be widely accessible, many attract identical populations initially, so it is not uncommon to find groups using sites to segregate themselves by nationality, age, educational level, or other factors that typically segment society (Hargittai, this issue), even if that was not the intention of the d esigners. A History of Social Network Sites The Early Years According to the definition above, the for the jump time recognizable social network site launched in 1997. SixDegrees. com allowed users to create profiles, list their Friends and, beginning in 1998, surfboard the Friends lists.Each of these features existed in some form before SixDegrees, of course. Profiles existed on most major dating sites and many community sites. AIM and ICQ buddy lists supported lists of Friends, although those Friends were not visible to others. Classmates. com allowed people to affiliate with their high school or college and surf the network for others who were also affiliated, but users could not create profiles or list Friends until years later. SixDegrees was the commencement exercise to combine these features. SixDegrees promoted itself as a tool to dish up people connect with and send messages to others.While SixDegrees attracted millions of users, it failed to become a sustainable busin ess and, in 2000, the service closed. feeling back, its orderer believes that SixDegrees was simply ahead of its time (A. Weinreich, face-to-face communication, July 11, 2007). While people were already flocking to the Internet, most did not have extended networks of friends who were online. Early adopters complained that there was shortsighted to do after accepting Friend requests, and most users were not interested in meeting strangers.From 1997 to 2001, a number of community tools began supporting various combinations of profiles and publically articulated Friends. AsianAvenue, BlackPlanet, and MiGente allowed users to create personal, professional, and dating profilesâ€users could identify Friends on their personal profiles without seeking approval for those connections (O. Wasow, personal communication, shocking 16, 2007). dealwise, shortly after its launch in 1999, LiveJournal listed one-directional connections on user pages. LiveJournals creator suspects that he fas hioned these Friends after instant messaging buddy lists (B.Fitzpatrick, personal communication, June 15, 2007)â€on LiveJournal, people mark others as Friends to follow their journals and manage privacy settings. The Korean virtual worlds site Cyworld was started in 1999 and added SNS features in 2001, independent of these other sites (see Kim & Yun, this issue). Likewise, when the Swedish web community LunarStorm refashioned itself as an SNS in 2000, it contained Friends lists, guestbooks, and diary pages (D. Skog, personal communication, September 24, 2007). The next wave of SNSs began when Ryze. com was launched in 2001 to elp people leverage their business networks. Ryzes founder reports that he first introduced the site to his friendsâ€primarily members of the San Francisco business and technology community, including the entrepreneurs and investors potty many future SNSs (A. Scott, personal communication, June 14, 2007). In particular, the people behind Ryze, Tribe . net, LinkedIn, and Friendster were tightly entwined personally and professionally. They believed that they could support each other without competing (Festa, 2003). In the end, Ryze never acquired mass popularity, Tribe. et grew to attract a passionate niche user base, LinkedIn became a powerful business service, and Friendster became the most significant, if only as â€Å"one of the biggest disappointments in Internet history” (Chafkin, 2007, p. 1). excogitation 1. Timeline of the launch dates of many major SNSs and dates when community sites re-launched with SNS features Like any brief history of a major phenomenon, ours is necessarily incomplete. In the following section we discuss Friendster, MySpace, and Facebook, three key SNSs that shaped the business, cultural, and research landscape. ttp://jcmc. indiana. edu/vol13/issue1/boyd. ellison. hypertext mark-up language Content Pros Of The Social Networking Sites •The best advantage of social networking sites is th at these sites allow you to go on in touch with your friends, classmates, and relatives. It is also the most cost effective way to keep in touch with your people. Here geographical locations are no barrier to stay in touch. •These sites allow you to send and receive messages, upload photos, and videos. As such, they are very interactive as you can get to see what your friends and relatives are up to. With social networking sites, you are not bound by any geographical and cultural differences. You get to meet and know a variety of people whose interests are similar to your own. These sites are a window to different cultures and places. •You can figure of speech a network of contacts and interact with a dish of people at the same time. As such, you can spread your thoughts and interests to a large number of people. •The social networking sites also facilitate you to procure information on any subjects from anywhere. These sites also make it easier and faster to co llect the information. Social networking sites can also be a tool to promote your business, services, products, or websites. Due to the immense number of people who regularly use networking sites it has found huge favors among advertisers. http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_and_ wrongs_of_social_networking The Cons Of Social Networking Sites •The most glaring disadvantage of social networking sites is the risk of identity theft and fraud. The personal information of users can be used by dubious people for illegal activities. Information like the e-mail address, name, location, and age can be used to commit online crimes. Also, many people pretend to be someone else and prepare their online profiles with false information, so as to dupe unsuspecting users. So, if you do not know the person face to face then it go out be very hard for you to find the historical identity. •Another cause of concern is cases of online harassment and stalking. Since the soc ial networking sites, are very poorly regulated so it can be a very prolific ground for people trying to get even with you. They can spread malicious humor among your friends and also download and morph your photos. http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_social_networking\r\n'